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K-562Homo sapiens (Human)Cancer cell line

Also known as: K562, K.562, K 562, KO, GM05372, GM05372E, K652, K-652

🤖 AI SummaryBased on 12 publications

Quick Overview

K-562 is a human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line used in cancer research.

Detailed Summary

K-562 is a widely used human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line derived from a female patient in 1970. It is one of the three tier-one cell lines in the ENCODE project and is commonly used for large-scale CRISPR/Cas9 screens. The cell line is known for its aneuploid genome, with a modal chromosome number of 67 and 21 unique marker chromosomes. K-562 has been extensively studied for its functional genomics, epigenomics, and transcriptomics, providing valuable insights into cancer biology. It is also used in studies of gene expression, mutations, and drug sensitivity. The cell line's genetic instability and diverse chromosomal abnormalities make it a valuable model for understanding cancer progression and therapeutic responses.

Research Applications

Functional genomicsEpigenomicsTranscriptomicsCRISPR/Cas9 screensDrug sensitivity studiesMutation analysis

Key Characteristics

Aneuploid genomeChromosomal abnormalitiesHigh genetic instabilityUsed in ENCODE projectCommonly used for large-scale screens
Generated on 6/14/2025

Basic Information

Database IDCVCL_0004
SpeciesHomo sapiens (Human)
Tissue SourcePleural effusion[UBERON:UBERON_0000175]

Donor Information

Age53
Age CategoryAdult
SexFemale

Disease Information

DiseaseBlast phase chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive
LineageMyeloid
SubtypeChronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1+
OncoTree CodeCMLBCRABL1

DepMap Information

Source TypeATCC
Source IDACH-000551_source

Known Sequence Variations

TypeGene/ProteinDescriptionZygosityNoteSource
Gene fusionABL1BCR-ABL1, BCR-ABL-BCR exon 1 fused to ABL1 exon 2PubMed=10576511, PubMed=10071072, PubMed=8751477
MutationSimpleTP53p.Gln136fs*13 (c.406_407insC)Homozygous-from parent cell line K-562

Haplotype Information (STR Profile)

Short Tandem Repeat (STR) profile for cell line authentication.

Amelogenin
X
CSF1PO
9,10
D10S1248
12
D12S391
23
D13S317
8
D16S539
11,12
D18S51
15
D19S433
14,14.2
D1S1656
15,16
D21S11
29,30
D22S1045
16
D2S1338
17
D2S441
10,14
D3S1358
14,16
D5S818
11,12
D7S820
9,11
D8S1179
12
DXS101
23,24
FGA
21,24
Penta D
9,13
Penta E
5,14
SE33
26.2,28.2
TH01
9.3
TPOX
8,9
vWA
16
Gene Expression Profile
Gene expression levels and statistical distribution
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Full DepMap dataset with combined data across cell lines

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Publications

Complete karyotype characterization of the K562 cell line by combined application of G-banding, multiplex-fluorescence in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and comparative genomic hybridization.

Naumann S., Reutzel D., Speicher M.R., Decker H.-J.

Leuk. Res. 25:313-322(2001).

DOIPubMed

Pan-cancer proteomic map of 949 human cell lines.";

Robinson P.J., Zhong Q., Garnett M.J., Reddel R.R.

Cancer Cell 40:835-849.e8(2022).

DOIPubMedPMC

De novo assembly of human genome at single-cell levels.";

Tang F.-C.

Nucleic Acids Res. 50:7479-7492(2022).

DOIPubMedPMC

Comparative proteomic profiling of unannotated microproteins and alternative proteins in human cell lines.

Slavoff S.A.

J. Proteome Res. 19:3418-3426(2020).

DOIPubMedPMC

Quantitative proteomics of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.";

Sellers W.R., Gygi S.P.

Cell 180:387-402.e16(2020).

DOIPubMedPMC

The LL-100 panel: 100 cell lines for blood cancer studies.";

MacLeod R.A.F., Nagel S., Steube K.G., Uphoff C.C., Drexler H.G.

Sci. Rep. 9:8218-8218(2019).

DOIPubMedPMC

Next-generation characterization of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.

Sellers W.R.

Nature 569:503-508(2019).

DOIPubMedPMC

An interactive resource to probe genetic diversity and estimated ancestry in cancer cell lines.

Dutil J., Chen Z.-H., Monteiro A.N.A., Teer J.K., Eschrich S.A.

Cancer Res. 79:1263-1273(2019).

DOIPubMedPMC

Comprehensive, integrated, and phased whole-genome analysis of the primary ENCODE cell line K562.

Urban A.E.

Genome Res. 29:472-484(2019).

DOIPubMedPMC

Screening human cell lines for viral infections applying RNA-Seq data analysis.

Uphoff C.C., Pommerenke C., Denkmann S.A., Drexler H.G.

PLoS ONE 14:E0210404-E0210404(2019).

DOIPubMedPMC

Profiling the B/T cell receptor repertoire of lymphocyte derived cell lines.

Yang H.H., Koeffler H.P.

BMC Cancer 18:940.1-940.13(2018).

DOIPubMedPMC

ChIP-seq and ChIP-exo profiling of Pol II, H2A.Z, and H3K4me3 in human K562 cells.

Mchaourab Z.F., Perreault A.A., Venters B.J.

Sci. Data 5:180030-180030(2018).

DOIPubMedPMC

Characterization of human cancer cell lines by reverse-phase protein arrays.

Liang H.

Cancer Cell 31:225-239(2017).

DOIPubMedPMC

A map of mobile DNA insertions in the NCI-60 human cancer cell panel.

Gnanakkan V.P., Cornish T.C., Boeke J.D., Burns K.H.

Mob. DNA 7:20.1-20.11(2016).

DOIPubMedPMC

A landscape of pharmacogenomic interactions in cancer.";

Wessels L.F.A., Saez-Rodriguez J., McDermott U., Garnett M.J.

Cell 166:740-754(2016).

DOIPubMedPMC

Long non-coding RNA expression profiling in the NCI60 cancer cell line panel using high-throughput RT-qPCR.

Vandesompele J.

Sci. Data 3:160052-160052(2016).

DOIPubMedPMC

Parallel genome-scale loss of function screens in 216 cancer cell lines for the identification of context-specific genetic dependencies.

Golub T.R., Root D.E., Hahn W.C.

Sci. Data 1:140035-140035(2014).

DOIPubMedPMC

A catalog of HLA type, HLA expression, and neo-epitope candidates in human cancer cell lines.

Boegel S., Lower M., Bukur T., Sahin U., Castle J.C.

OncoImmunology 3:e954893.1-e954893.12(2014).

DOIPubMedPMC

A resource for cell line authentication, annotation and quality control.

Neve R.M.

Nature 520:307-311(2015).

DOIPubMed

A comprehensive transcriptional portrait of human cancer cell lines.

Settleman J., Seshagiri S., Zhang Z.-M.

Nat. Biotechnol. 33:306-312(2015).

DOIPubMed

High resolution copy number variation data in the NCI-60 cancer cell lines from whole genome microarrays accessible through CellMiner.

Varma S., Pommier Y., Sunshine M., Weinstein J.N., Reinhold W.C.

PLoS ONE 9:E92047-E92047(2014).

DOIPubMedPMC

Detection of viral proteins in human cells lines by xeno-proteomics: elimination of the last valid excuse for not testing every cellular proteome dataset for viral proteins.

Chernobrovkin A.L., Zubarev R.A.

PLoS ONE 9:E91433-E91433(2014).

DOIPubMedPMC

The metabolic demands of cancer cells are coupled to their size and protein synthesis rates.

Hirshfield K.M., Oltvai Z.N., Vazquez A.

Cancer Metab. 1:20.1-20.13(2013).

DOIPubMedPMC

Recurrent mutations in multiple components of the cohesin complex in myeloid neoplasms.

Haferlach T., Shirahige K., Miyano S., Ogawa S.

Nat. Genet. 45:1232-1237(2013).

DOIPubMed

Global proteome analysis of the NCI-60 cell line panel.";

Wilhelm M., Kuster B.

Cell Rep. 4:609-620(2013).

DOIPubMed

The exomes of the NCI-60 panel: a genomic resource for cancer biology and systems pharmacology.

Simon R.M., Doroshow J.H., Pommier Y., Meltzer P.S.

Cancer Res. 73:4372-4382(2013).

DOIPubMedPMC

A novel approach for characterizing microsatellite instability in cancer cells.

Lu Y.-H., Soong T.D., Elemento O.

PLoS ONE 8:E63056-E63056(2013).

DOIPubMedPMC

Dynamic DNA methylation across diverse human cell lines and tissues.

Crawford G.E., Absher D.M., Wold B.J., Myers R.M.

Genome Res. 23:555-567(2013).

DOIPubMedPMC

Metabolite profiling identifies a key role for glycine in rapid cancer cell proliferation.

Kafri R., Kirschner M.W., Clish C.B., Mootha V.K.

Science 336:1040-1044(2012).

DOIPubMedPMC

The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia enables predictive modelling of anticancer drug sensitivity.

Morrissey M.P., Sellers W.R., Schlegel R., Garraway L.A.

Nature 483:603-607(2012).

DOIPubMedPMC

Identification of cancer cell-line origins using fluorescence image-based phenomic screening.

Yoon C.N., Chang Y.-T.

PLoS ONE 7:E32096-E32096(2012).

DOIPubMedPMC

Mass homozygotes accumulation in the NCI-60 cancer cell lines as compared to HapMap trios, and relation to fragile site location.

Ruan X.-Y., Kocher J.-P.A., Pommier Y., Liu H.-F., Reinhold W.C.

PLoS ONE 7:E31628-E31628(2012).

DOIPubMedPMC

Comparative proteomic analysis of eleven common cell lines reveals ubiquitous but varying expression of most proteins.

Geiger T., Wehner A., Schaab C., Cox J., Mann M.

Mol. Cell. Proteomics 11:M111.014050-M111.014050(2012).

DOIPubMedPMC

Redefining the relevance of established cancer cell lines to the study of mechanisms of clinical anti-cancer drug resistance.

Ambudkar S.V., Gottesman M.M.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:18708-18713(2011).

DOIPubMedPMC

Survey of activated FLT3 signaling in leukemia.";

Druker B.J., Heinrich M.C., Rush J., Polakiewicz R.D.

PLoS ONE 6:E19169-E19169(2011).

DOIPubMedPMC

Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";

Burckstummer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.

BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17.1-17.13(2011).

DOIPubMedPMC

Genomic amplification of BCR/ABL1 and a region downstream of ABL1 in chronic myeloid leukaemia: a FISH mapping study of CML patients and cell lines.

Virgili A., Nacheva E.

Mol. Cytogenet. 3:15.1-15.12(2010).

DOIPubMedPMC

A genome-wide screen for microdeletions reveals disruption of polarity complex genes in diverse human cancers.

Haber D.A.

Cancer Res. 70:2158-2164(2010).

DOIPubMedPMC

Signatures of mutation and selection in the cancer genome.";

Deloukas P., Yang F.-T., Campbell P.J., Futreal P.A., Stratton M.R.

Nature 463:893-898(2010).

DOIPubMedPMC

DNA fingerprinting of the NCI-60 cell line panel.";

Chanock S.J., Weinstein J.N.

Mol. Cancer Ther. 8:713-724(2009).

DOIPubMedPMC

Analysis of p53 mutation status in human cancer cell lines: a paradigm for cell line cross-contamination.

Berglind H., Pawitan Y., Kato S., Ishioka C., Soussi T.

Cancer Biol. Ther. 7:699-708(2008).

DOIPubMed

Mutation analysis of 24 known cancer genes in the NCI-60 cell line set.

Reinhold W.C., Weinstein J.N., Stratton M.R., Futreal P.A., Wooster R.

Mol. Cancer Ther. 5:2606-2612(2006).

DOIPubMedPMC

JAK2 V617F tyrosine kinase mutation in cell lines derived from myeloproliferative disorders.

Quentmeier H., MacLeod R.A.F., Zaborski M., Drexler H.G.

Leukemia 20:471-476(2006).

DOIPubMed

Gene expression profiling of leukemic cell lines reveals conserved molecular signatures among subtypes with specific genetic aberrations.

Fioretos T.

Leukemia 19:1042-1050(2005).

DOIPubMed

HLA class I and II genotype of the NCI-60 cell lines.";

Morse H.C. 3rd, Stroncek D., Marincola F.M.

J. Transl. Med. 3:11.1-11.8(2005).

DOIPubMedPMC

Cancer cell line identification by short tandem repeat profiling: power and limitations.

Schmidt S., Kofler R.

FASEB J. 19:434-436(2005).

DOIPubMed

Cell line DNA typing in forensic genetics -- the necessity of reliable standards.

Wiegand P., Cali F., Romano V., Michael M.

Forensic Sci. Int. 138:37-43(2003).

DOIPubMed

K-562 cells lack MHC class II expression due to an alternatively spliced CIITA transcript with a truncated coding region.

Day N.E., Ugai H., Yokoyama K.K., Ichiki A.T.

Leuk. Res. 27:1027-1038(2003).

DOIPubMed

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) frequently induces apoptosis in Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia cells.

Koyama-Okazaki T., Suzuki T., Sugita K., Nakazawa S.

Blood 101:3658-3667(2003).

DOIPubMed

Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference standard for human cell lines.

Harrison M., Virmani A.K., Ward T.H., Ayres K.L., Debenham P.G.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:8012-8017(2001).

DOIPubMedPMC

The leukemia-lymphoma cell line factsbook.";

Drexler H.G.

(In book) ISBN 9780122219702; pp.1-733; Academic Press; London; United Kingdom (2001).

DOI

Human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell-line with positive Philadelphia chromosome.

Lozzio C.B., Lozzio B.B.

Blood 45:321-334(1975).

DOIPubMed

K562 -- a human erythroleukemic cell line.";

Andersson L.C., Nilsson K., Gahmberg C.G.

Int. J. Cancer 23:143-147(1979).

DOIPubMed

Presence of erythrocytic components in the K562 cell line.";

Nilsson K.

Int. J. Cancer 24:514-514(1979).

DOIPubMed

Induction of erythroid differentiation in the human leukaemia cell line K562.

Andersson L.C., Jokinen M., Gahmberg C.G.

Nature 278:364-365(1979).

DOIPubMed

Analysis of established human carcinoma cell lines for lymphoreticular-associated membrane receptors.

Kerbel R.S., Pross H.F., Leibovitz A.

Int. J. Cancer 20:673-679(1977).

DOIPubMed

Feasibility of a high-flux anticancer drug screen using a diverse panel of cultured human tumor cell lines.

Gray-Goodrich M., Campbell H., Mayo J.G., Boyd M.R.

J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:757-766(1991).

DOIPubMed

Expression of leukocyte common antigen (CD45) on various human leukemia/lymphoma cell lines.

Nakano A., Harada T., Morikawa S., Kato Y.

Acta Pathol. Jpn. 40:107-115(1990).

DOIPubMed

Fractionation of K-562 cells on the basis of their surface properties by partitioning in two-polymer aqueous-phase systems.

Walter H., Al-Romaihi F.A., Krob E.J., Seaman G.V.F.

Cell Biophys. 10:217-232(1987).

DOIPubMed

Detection of surface differences between closely related cell populations by partitioning. Cultured K-562 cell sublines.

Walter H., Krob E.J., Al-Romaihi F.A., Johnson D., Lozzio C.B.

Cell Biophys. 13:173-187(1988).

DOIPubMed

Characterization of a K562 multidrug-resistant cell line.";

Yanovich S., Hall R.E., Gewirtz D.A.

Cancer Res. 49:4499-4503(1989).

PubMed

Isoenzyme studies in human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines -- 1. carboxylic esterase.

Drexler H.G., Gaedicke G., Minowada J.

Leuk. Res. 9:209-229(1985).

DOIPubMed

The chronic myelocytic cell line K562 contains a breakpoint in bcr and produces a chimeric bcr/c-abl transcript.

Ramachandran K.L., Heisterkamp N., Stam K., Groffen J.

Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:607-616(1986).

DOIPubMedPMC

Isoenzyme studies in human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines -- III. Beta-hexosaminidase (E.C. 3.2.1.30).

Drexler H.G., Gaedicke G., Minowada J.

Leuk. Res. 9:549-559(1985).

DOIPubMed

Ph positive CML cell lines.";

Keating A.

Baillieres Clin. Haematol. 1:1021-1029(1987).

DOIPubMed

Feasibility of drug screening with panels of human tumor cell lines using a microculture tetrazolium assay.

Fine D.L., Abbott B.J., Mayo J.G., Shoemaker R.H., Boyd M.R.

Cancer Res. 48:589-601(1988).

PubMed

Cell lines and clinical isolates derived from Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia patients express c-abl proteins with a common structural alteration.

Konopka J.B., Watanabe S.M., Singer J.W., Collins S.J., Witte O.N.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82:1810-1814(1985).

DOIPubMedPMC

Modal karyotype of human leukemia cell line, K562 (ATCC CCL 243).";

Chen T.-R.

Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 17:55-60(1985).

DOIPubMed

Isoenzyme studies in human leukemia-lymphoma cells lines -- II. Acid phosphatase.

Drexler H.G., Gaedicke G., Minowada J.

Leuk. Res. 9:537-548(1985).

DOIPubMed

HLA class-I and class-II antigen expression by human leukemic K562 cells and by Burkitt-K562 hybrids: modulation by differentiation inducers and interferon.

Garson D., Dokhelar M.-C., Wakasugi H., Mishal Z., Tursz T.

Exp. Hematol. 13:885-890(1985).

PubMed

Lineage infidelity of a human myelogenous leukemia cell line.";

Palumbo A., Minowada J., Erikson J., Croce C.M., Rovera G.

Blood 64:1059-1063(1984).

DOIPubMed

Cell surface antigens of human ovarian and endometrial carcinoma defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies.

Mattes M.J., Cordon-Cardo C., Lewis J.L. Jr., Old L.J., Lloyd K.O.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:568-572(1984).

DOIPubMedPMC

Differential expression of the amv gene in human hematopoietic cells.

Aaronson S.A., Wong-Staal F.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:2194-2198(1982).

DOIPubMedPMC

Human myeloid leukemia cell lines: a review.";

Koeffler H.P., Golde D.W.

Blood 56:344-350(1980).

DOIPubMed

A multipotential leukemia cell line (K-562) of human origin.";

Lozzio B.B., Lozzio C.B., Bamberger E.G., Feliu A.S.

Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 166:546-550(1981).

DOIPubMed

Altered stability of etoposide-induced topoisomerase II-DNA complexes in resistant human leukaemia K562 cells.

Yalowich J.C.

Br. J. Cancer 69:687-697(1994).

DOIPubMedPMC

Cell surface c-kit receptors in human leukemia cell lines and pediatric leukemia: selective preservation of c-kit expression on megakaryoblastic cell lines during adaptation to in vitro culture.

Imaizumi M., Endo M., Takano N., Konno T.

Leukemia 10:102-105(1996).

PubMed

Screening the p53 status of human cell lines using a yeast functional assay.

Mizusawa H., Tanaka N., Koyama H., Namba M., Kanamaru R., Kuroki T.

Mol. Carcinog. 19:243-253(1997).

DOIPubMed

Frameshift mutations of the hMSH6 gene in human leukemia cell lines.

Hirai H.

Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 89:33-39(1998).

DOIPubMedPMC

Expression of the TCL1 gene at 14q32 in B-cell malignancies but not in adult T-cell leukemia.

Aizawa Y., Ueda R., Seto M.

Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 89:712-718(1998).

DOIPubMedPMC

Leukemia cell lines: in vitro models for the study of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia.

Drexler H.G., MacLeod R.A.F., Uphoff C.C.

Leuk. Res. 23:207-215(1999).

DOIPubMed

ABL-BCR expression in BCR-ABL-positive human leukemia cell lines.";

Uphoff C.C., Habig S., Fombonne S., Matsuo Y., Drexler H.G.

Leuk. Res. 23:1055-1060(1999).

DOIPubMed

Systematic variation in gene expression patterns in human cancer cell lines.

Botstein D., Brown P.O.

Nat. Genet. 24:227-235(2000).

DOIPubMed

Frequent microsatellite instability and BAX mutations in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines.

Inoue K., Kohno T., Takakura S., Hayashi Y., Mizoguchi H., Yokota J.

Leuk. Res. 24:255-262(2000).

DOIPubMed

Biological significance of the expression of HIV-related chemokine coreceptors (CCR5 and CXCR4) and their ligands by human hematopoietic cell lines.

Gaulton G.N., Ratajczak M.Z.

Leukemia 14:1821-1832(2000).

DOIPubMed

Corrigendum to: Frequent microsatellite instability and BAX mutations in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines Leukemia Research 24 (2000), 255-262.

Inoue K., Kohno T., Takakura S., Hayashi Y., Mizoguchi H., Yokota J.

Leuk. Res. 25:275-278(2001).

DOIPubMed

Web Resources

en.wikipedia.orgdtp.cancer.govstrap.nci.nih.govproteinatlas.org141.61.102.20genome.ucsc.eduthermofisher.comtcpaportal.org